perf_event_paranoid

file: /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid
variable: kernel.perf_event_paranoid
Official reference

Controls use of the performance events system by unprivileged users (without CAP_PERFMON). The default value is 2.

For backward compatibility reasons access to system performance monitoring and observability remains open for CAP_SYS_ADMIN privileged processes but CAP_SYS_ADMIN usage for secure system performance monitoring and observability operations is discouraged with respect to CAP_PERFMON use cases.

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 -1  Allow use of (almost) all events by all users.

     Ignore mlock limit after perf_event_mlock_kb without
     ``CAP_IPC_LOCK``.

>=0  Disallow ftrace function tracepoint by users without
     ``CAP_PERFMON``.

     Disallow raw tracepoint access by users without ``CAP_PERFMON``.

>=1  Disallow CPU event access by users without ``CAP_PERFMON``.

>=2  Disallow kernel profiling by users without ``CAP_PERFMON``.
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